4H HPSI SICOI Wafer-Mesoscopic cavity quantum electrodynamics with phase-disordered emitters in a Kerr nonlinear resonator

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This article explores the mesoscopic cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) system with phase-disordered emitters in a Kerr nonlinear resonator. The system consists of a high-finesse silicon carbide (SiC) whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator hosting an ensemble of silicon vacancy (VSi) color centers, which serve as artificial atoms. The interaction of these emitters with cavity modes enables the observation of phenomena such as photon correlations and chiral steady states, crucial for advancing quantum optics research.

The main findings and contributions include:

1. Experimental Setup and System Design:

• The study employs a mesoscopic CQED system where a small number of emitters (around 10) are coupled to the resonator, in contrast to previous systems with large ensembles or single emitters.

• The SiC resonator has a strong optical nonlinearity, providing an in-situ Kerr nonlinearity that enables the study of parametric processes and photon correlations.

2. Phase-Disordered Emitters and Photon Statistics:

• The emitters in the system exhibit phase disorder, which leads to a suppression of photon correlations in certain cases. This is observed through second- and third-order correlation measurements, where cross-correlations show anti-bunching and auto-correlations display bunching, characteristic of phase-disordered systems.

• The study uses a phase disorder parameter (ξϕ) to model the effects of this phase mismatch on photon statistics, showing that the disorder leads to a deviation from ideal bunching behavior.

3. Emergence of Steady-State Chirality:

• The system exhibits a steady-state chirality, where photon emission into clockwise and counterclockwise directions differs due to the complex interplay of emitter-cavity coupling phases and spectral disorder.

• This chirality is linked to the system's geometry and the asymmetry in emitter coupling phases. Tuning the cavity detuning induces transitions between chiral and achiral steady states.

4. Kerr Nonlinear Interaction with Emitter Ensemble:

• The interaction of the resonator's Kerr nonlinearity with the emitter ensemble is explored through parametric photon pair generation. A coherent pump drives the parametric process, generating signal-idler photon pairs, and the atomic ensemble absorbs and re-emits the signal photons, leading to correlations between the idler and atomic emission.

5. Future Directions and Applications:

• The study proposes that this experimental platform can be used to realize emerging quantum protocols, study nonlinear pair generation, and explore squeezed light in CQED systems. The ability to control the emitter placement and detunings opens the door to the programmable control of disordered systems, offering insights into quantum many-body systems and quantum optics phenomena.

In summary, this work demonstrates a novel mesoscopic CQED system with phase-disordered emitters and explores fundamental quantum phenomena such as chirality, photon correlations, and nonlinear interactions. The findings lay the groundwork for future advances in quantum optics, including the potential for more sophisticated quantum simulations and applications.